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The Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company (OR&N) was a railroad that operated a rail network of of track running east from Portland, Oregon, United States to northeastern Oregon, northeastern Washington, and northern Idaho. The railroad operated from 1896 as a consolidation of several smaller railroads. OR&N was initially operated as an independent carrier, but Union Pacific (UP) purchased a majority stake of the line in 1898.〔 The line became a subsidiary of UP titled the Oregon–Washington Railroad and Navigation Company in 1910.〔 In 1936, Union Pacific formally absorbed the system, which became UP's gateway to the Pacific Northwest. ==Predecessors== The OR&N was made up of several railroads: *Oregon ''Railway'' and Navigation Company traces its roots back as far as 1860. It was incorporated in 1879 in Portland, Oregon and operated between Portland and eastern Washington and Oregon until 1896, when it was reorganized into the Oregon ''Railroad'' and Navigation Company. The Oregon Railway and Navigation Company was the core of the OR&N. Its route eventually became the backbone of Union Pacific Railroad's mainline from Utah to the Pacific Northwest. *Columbia and Palouse Railroad was incorporated in 1882 and built of track. The track ran from Connell, Washington, where it interchanged with the Northern Pacific Railway and ran east through Hooper, La Crosse, Winona and Colfax. At Colfax, one line ran northeast to Farmington, Washington, located on the Idaho state line. The other line ran southeast from Colfax to Moscow, Idaho. The railroad was a non-operating subsidiary of the OR&N in 1888 and was eventually sold to the OR&N in 1910. *Walla Walla and Columbia River Railroad was a wood-railed〔 narrow-gauge railroad incorporated in 1868 at Walla Walla, Washington and built of track from Wallula, Washington. The track went east from Wallula to Touchet, Frenchtown and Whitman. At Whitman, the line continued east to Walla Walla and a branch that was built in 1879 went south to Blue Mountain, Oregon via Barrett (Milton). The first 33 miles took 6 years to build.〔 In 1881 the railroad came under the control of the OR&N and the narrow-gauge was converted to standard gauge. In 1910, the Walla Walla and Columbia River Railroad was consolidated into the OR&N. *Mill Creek Flume and Manufacturing was incorporated in 1880 as a narrow gauge lumber carrier operating of track between Walla Walla and Dixie. In 1903 the Mill Creek Flume and Manufacturing Company was purchased by the OR&N and renamed the Mill Creek Railroad. The track was standardized in 1905. After the track was standardized, the OR&N sold the Mill Creek Railroad and it was merged into the Washington and Columbia River Railway which became part of the Northern Pacific Railway in 1907. *Oregon Railway Extensions Company was incorporated in 1888 at Portland and built of track with two branches. One branch ran from La Grande, Oregon where it interchanged with the OR&N and then ran northeast to Elgin. The other branch ran from Winona, Washington to Seltice via St. John, Sunset, Thornton and Oakesdale. The railroad was a non-operating subsidiary of the OR&N. In 1896 it was sold at foreclosure to the OR&N. *Washington and Idaho Railroad was incorporated in 1886 and was also sold at foreclosure to the OR&N in 1896. The Washington and Idaho Railroad operated of track. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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